Hong Kong's Chek Lap Kok, Japan's Narita in Tokyo, and state-owned airports throughout Thailand are heading toward privatization, which has carriers worried that landing and terminal fees are heading for the sky, too. "The concern is that if an investor pays a substantial amount for the airport, they'll raise fees dramatically in an effort to make their money back," says Anthony Concil, a spokesperson for the International Air Transport Association (IATA), an industry group that represents 270 airlines worldwide. IATA prefers to bring in a third party to act as an independent regulatory body to help settle differences between the privatized airports and the carriers. According to one analyst, "Higher charges can clearly be a killer for low-cost carriers, as well as hurting development of new routes, especially for cargo airlines."